How do you train operation safety guarantee?
发布日期:2015-08-26 17:13:00 Number of clicks:
Page 1: how to choose a safe car
A lot of people buy a car for the first requirement is safe, but what is safe? So much of what safety equipment to use? Little is known about it. Sums up today for everyone to car safety protection devices, automotive safety protection device is composed of two parts, one part is when the accident happened, from riding the passive safety of injuries; Another part of the risk early warning and prompt and active safety of cure and prevent the accident.
So what are passive safety? Including safety body, seat belts, air bags and head, this is to choose a safe car this is indispensable. Below is detailed to introduce passive safety device for everyone.
Page 2: steel car body is the mainstay of the car
Security refers to the car body in order to reduce the occupant of the casualties, when the car crashed when designing the body part emphatically reinforced passenger compartment, weaken the car head and tail. When the car crash, the head or the tail get squashed deformation and absorb the impact energy at the same time, the cabin does not produce deformation in order to ensure the safety of the crew.
Body steel
Body steel
Hit the accident in one thousand, when some mechanism design of car body can also reduce the degree of damage to pedestrians. For example, in order to reduce the harm of pedestrian head, around the engine cover and the wiper of the windshield has adopted the easily broken or buffer structure; And in order to reduce the harm of the pedestrian leg, when collision bumper also adopted the same buffer structure, body side is also adopted the steel frame structure of the component of the buffer.
Body steel
Body steel
Lateral steel car body structure
Lateral steel car body structure
Safety of car body structure features are: the front and rear collision deformation zone and high strength crew room. Basic requirements on the front collision deformation zone is should have soft energy absorption area, so that can absorb more energy when collision occurs. In frontal crash, the front car body collision deformation energy absorption area is larger, the more you will absorb collision energy, secondary collision energy generation is smaller, has spread to the less the impact force in the crew department also. Crew room at the same time, the body USES the high strength, which can effectively enhance occupant chamber after collision deformation intensity, reduce or avoid the crew for crew room space deformation to be squeezed, so as to reduce the risk of occupant injury.
Page 3: seat belts is the foundation of security
Seat belts
Modern car very fast, in the event of collision, the car stop motion, and passengers body due to the inertia will continue to move forward, in the car and the car collision, serious when may put forward through the windshield and flew out the window. Damage to prevent the crash happened, the public security department asked small bus drivers and front-seat passengers must use your seat belt, so that traffic accident occurs, seat belts have the effect of buffer, to the person to prevent secondary damage.
Seat belts
Seat belts
Under the seat belt is the belt of life, such as the owner for the sake of convenience, not wearing a seatbelt, result drive car accident happened, people have been left out of the car, after the rescue invalid death.
In a car accident are left out of the car
In a car accident are left out of the car
Car owners self-delusion
Car owners self-delusion
The working principle of seat belts:
Belt wheel device has a card, if quickly pull the seat belt, such as traffic accident cases, the inside of the clamp may as a result of rapid rotation of belt wheel and brought out by centrifugal force, quick to safety belt lock, the seats are fixed on the chair. To hit peak in the past, or who can already protected by airbags seat belt will relax in order to avoid pressure hurt in the ribs. From the above a series of actions to achieve the goal of ensure driving safety.
Seat belt line method
Seat belt line method
Seat belt law:
1, after check the seat belt safety, adjust sitting position first.
The distance between people and the steering wheel with both hands horizontally after wrist just his hands on the steering wheel is advisable; Legs bend is about 90 degrees, so that if the emergency brake, the legs more flexible reaction easily.
2, adjust the seat belt.
Holds the clasp locks and the lock tongue, slowly pull out the waist belt, guarantee the shoulder belt from across, close to the neck, shoulder and comfortable and closely fit the body. Then, insert the seat belt card buckle buckle lock, until hear card tower.
3, don't put the seatbelt on hard or fragile objects.
For example, clothes, glasses, pen or key, etc.; Don't let the seat belt and sharp blade friction, so as not to damage your seat belt.
Special tips:
Pregnant women don't put the seat belt when driving into the belly, it is very dangerous for fetuses. Avoid uplift belt, in front of hipbone the lowest position, namely two side hipbone protrusion and pubic junction. Straps also swollen belly, to avoid through from top side between the breasts to the side of the abdomen.
Seat belt button card inserted into the lock
See how a seat belt system, I believe you of seat belts correct the law system of know already. Traffic accident statistics show that in our country, survived the traffic accident due to buckle up the crew accounts for about 30%. So, please be sure to remember: fasten seat belt. Don't bother, lift a finger, maybe can save a life. For the life of their own safety, please fasten your seat belt!
Page 4: airbags and headrest multiple protection
airbag
Seat belts available to save the lives of countless people, but only a car seat belts and brought another problem. Was due to the constraints of seat belts, the body is fixed on the seat, no fixed only in accordance with the inertia collision head migration, so after the accident result in reducing mortality and increases the number of spinal injury. At this time of airbag arises at the historic moment.
airbag
airbag
At present in domestic production of low-standard cars the bidding with airbag number is 1-2, are generally in the vehicle driving and the co-pilot position each one, to protect the front members in vehicle hit so hard on the chest and the effective protection of the brain. In some of the midrange b-class, usually with four air bags in addition to the driving, the co-pilot of the two, in it on the side of the door also is equipped with two.
More airbags
More airbags
In some high-end cars like is famous for its security, Sweden's Volvo cars in its flagship model of whole vehicle equipped with six airbags and 18 air curtain, driving in the car in front of the under, before and after the doors on each side two, 18 distribution of air curtain in the front and rear windshield, side Windows, the impact from all directions to provide the most effective protection.
Air bag is made from special nylon fabric with rubber lining, work with innocuous helium filled in. In the event of a collision, the airbag inflatable takes about 0.03 seconds. Very fast filling speed to ensure that when the passenger's body was tied to a seat belt fixed and still head forward, airbags in place timely. Airbag hit in the head, the airbag through the air on the surface of the pores to exhaust. Gas discharge rate to a certain extent, to ensure that the parts of the body slow down slowly.
As a result of the airbag bounce off air speed can be up to 320 km/h, collision if the driver is not wearing a seatbelt, after a car accident, people will rush to airbag and even death. So, the airbag to protect your premise is you fasten your seat belt, belt is the most important way to protect your safety.
Safety headrest
Airbag good solve the car was touch spine displaced forward problems, but after the forward will be pull back and seat belt? The car was rear-ended? How to protect the spine? So the security head sadly.
Safety headrest
Safety headrest
In the event of a crash, the front passenger vehicle is the most vulnerable part of the neck and head. Safety headrest is under the condition of the vehicle from the rear shock, the passengers' body extruding linkage of the chair, under the action of linkage, head up fast moving forward at the same time, the maximum to prevent head fierce back, to protect the security of the passengers of the head and neck.
The correct way of using the security head:
Head when driving, we tend not to leave her head, but the height of the head to head against the headrest, head of the central aligned with the central head shall prevail. Adjust the position of car headrest, to adjust the height of the headrest to a ride along the position of the eye or ear, and back to the closer the distance from the car headrest, the better, had better not more than 10 centimeters, so that we can protect the neck of the ride.
The correct safety head height
Correct driving position adjustment of the looks be like simple, but it is the basis of safe driving, once in an emergency, correct driving position and correct driving posture will make you the most quickly to respond. Car headrest for driving personnel to provide a comfortable feeling at the same time, in the case of traffic accident can turn better escort of safety in the neck. In the case of collision, a collision accident, for example, will have a huge impact, make the driving head of the severe back. In this case the fragile neck easily injured, even do fatal damage. And car headrest if put right, can mediator escort by staff in the traffic accident, to avoid our neck and head injury.
Page 5: automotive anti-lock braking system effectively reduce the braking distance
Passive safety is to minimize the loss after the accident, did that can prevent the happening of the accident? Then generate the corresponding active safety technology. Our car is equipped with automotive anti-lock braking system, for example, electronic brake-force distribution system, electronic stability system, automatic braking system. These are active safety system, with them, we travel more safe and reliable.
Automobile anti-lock braking system (ABS)
ABS mainly in car emergency braking, wheel to prevent wheel lock phenomenon, thus greatly enhance the car driving stability, there will not be a spin when emergency braking, steering failures. Working principle of ABS is install on the wheel or shaft speed sensors constantly check Zha speed of each wheel brake pressure adjustment timely command execution institutions, always keep the wheel in a rolling condition with weak slip brake, never die.
Automobile anti-lock braking system
Automobile anti-lock braking system
Automotive anti-lock just as its name implies is the brake system to prevent the lock system, anti-lock but why? That's because the car during braking, due to the effect of inertia force, has a great power forward. So requires automobile tires and have big friction on the ground, but to realize auto tire is round, and the contact area of the ground very few, so in the case of very powerful tire if lock, will for the sliding friction between tire and ground. To know tyres are made of rubber, under the action of high temperature, can reduce the operator of the tire emphatically, which can increase the braking distance of car, automotive anti-lock function is to make the braking distance.
For automobile braking, with a picture of a very image to ABS anti-lock braking system is introduced in this paper, believe that this picture can let everybody more intuitive to learn equipped with ABS anti-lock system and not equipped with ABS anti-lock braking system.
Anti-skid braking system and unused
Its principle is when the car to brake, when he died by tire sensors on the computer a signal to the anti-lock braking system, and then the computer no brakes, brake system is such a brake between the lock and don't lock. About by about 20 times per second, so as to achieve more effective braking system, effectively shorten the braking distance.
Page 6: electronic brake-force distribution system to prevent rollover
Electronic brake-force distribution (EBD) system
EBD according to the different axle load, when the car brake automatically adjust the braking force distribution ratio of front and rear axle. Sometimes left front and right rear wheel, for example, adhere to the dry cement ground, and the right front wheel and left rear wheels are attached in the water or mud, this kind of situation will lead to brake the car when the four wheels in the friction with the ground, likely to cause a skid when braking, tilted and vehicle rollover accidents.
Electronic brake-force distribution system
Equipped with EBD electronic brake-force distribution system and is not equipped with contrast
Equipped with EBD electronic brake-force distribution system and is not equipped with contrast
EBD electronic brake-force case distribution system with high-speed computer in the car braking moment, respectively to four tires to different the ground induction and calculated, it is concluded that different friction values, make four tires braking device according to different situations in different ways and power braking, and constant speed adjustment in the movement, so as to ensure the smooth and safe vehicle.
Page 7: precise manipulation of the electronic stability system
Electronic stability system (ESP)
ESP technology is on the car safety technology is a revolutionary technology. ESP electronic stability program integrates the function of the ABS and TCS (traction control), and increase the function of anti skid. In emergency handling, such as fast turning, reverse turn, emergency lane change, such as emergency avoidance critical cases, ESP can help the driver keep control of the vehicle.
Electronic stability system
Electronic stability system
If it is found that the direction of the vehicle movement, understeer or oversteer, ESP can be detected and responding immediately to the critical situation. ESP of vehicle braking system to control the vehicle back on the right track. Accurate braking direct effects on a single wheel, such as reverse understeer at the rear, or excessive to the outside of the front wheel. ESP electronic stability system technology is the first time to use mercedes-benz cars, technology popularization slowly later, has now become the basic senior car standard device.
Comparison with and without the ESP ESP
Comparison with and without the ESP ESP
When vehicles appear understeer is not to be able to turn too fast, ESP of each sensor to understeer message telling the computer, then computer control to the left rear wheel brake, produces a tension and torsion against car pushed to the right trend of understeer. When linear brakes due to the uneven surface adhesion of ESP when running deviation will reduce adhesion of wheel braking force control, let the car according to the driver thought route forward. Also when the brake and steering ESP will control some increase of wheel braking or reduce the braking force to let the car according to the driver's intentions.
Page 8: automatic braking system early warning to reduce accidents
Automatic brake system
This is the upgrade version of collision warning system. Once the driver did not respond in a timely manner to danger, brake function can be activated automatically, and gradually increase the intensity of the brake, reduce the speed of the car quickly. Many manufacturers has been achieved within 50 km/h to achieve complete brake. Thus greatly to protect the safety of our driving performance.
Automatic brake system
Automatic brake system
When the vehicle's speed up to 30 km/h, the system will automatically start, on the front windshield optical radar system monitoring the traffic, especially within 6 meters before head. Current car brake, stop, or there are other obstacles, the system will automatically in the braking system first strength, to help the driver before make action to shorten braking distance; Or it can be controlled by adjusting the steering wheel to change the vehicle path, in order to avoid obstacles. Of course, if the obstruction is close, the system will automatically without the driver emergency brake operation.
Page 9: automobile driving technology can assist
Is to choose a safety car should pay attention to the above aspects, among them, the seat belts and airbags is quite important. But only airbags are not enough, must be used to cooperate with the security of airbag is the premise of the use of seat belts. As for active safety, antilock is must have, this also is to prevent we brake wheel lock, ensure the smooth of vehicle, prevent a spin, the phenomenon such as steering failures. As for, automatic braking technology also need more testing, for each car with automatic braking technology, so that it can effectively reduce the number of traffic accidents.
Automotive technology
For the eight aspects, not just the passive safety, active safety devices also should be more mature and passive safety is only in the protection of the accident after we produce, the active safety is to be able to advance warning to protect our security measures, can effectively reduce the happening of the accident. But, the car driving technology is just in order to assist our tools, even in the developed science and technology, we also have to obey the traffic rules, drive carefully, this is the guarantee safe running of our important premise.